E-scooter parking behavior before and after regulatory changes in Sweden: a hotspot analysis

In response to the growing problems with e-scooter parking, Sweden introduced a comprehensive change in regulations concerning e-scooter parking regulation in September 2022. This study investigates the impact of these regulatory changes on e-scooter parking behaviour in Lund and Malmö, Sweden. Using Getis-Ord G* hotspot analysis, we identified shifts in e-scooter parking patterns pre- and post-regulation. The results show a significant reduction in hotspot area sizes, with a higher concentration of trips originating from these areas, indicating improved parking orderliness. A strong correlation between e-scooter and bicycle parking areas was observed, emphasizing the need for integrated micromobility infrastructure. However, the lack of correlation with public transport stops highlights the need for further improvements in facilitating seamless intermodal travel. The study underscores the importance of continuing to develop and enforce designated parking zones and improving parking facilities at public transport stops to enhance integrated urban mobility systems.