First Whole Genome Sequencing Data of Six Greek Sheep Breeds

Sheep farming is a common agricultural practice in Greece, with many sheep populations belonging to Greek breeds. However, their genetic makeup remains relatively unexplored and limited information is available for their genetic variability. Here, we provide the first whole genome sequencing (WGS) data for six Greek sheep breeds, namely Chios, Kalarritiko, Karagouniko, Lesvos, Serres, and Thraki breeds. We performed variant discovery analysis on the data and identified 23,526,500 high-quality variants. The high average variant depth (148.7X ± 28.3) and low Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) density (1 variant per 111 bases) in the callset demonstrated the high quality of the data. The vast majority of the variants (97.46%) were located in non-coding regions, while a small percentage (1.32%) was positioned in exonic regions. The overall transition to transversion−Ti/Tv (2.449) and heterozygous to non-reference homozygous−Het/Hom (1.49) ratios further confirmed the callset’s high quality. This dataset comprises the first WGS data for six Greek sheep breeds, providing invaluable information to the Greek agricultural sector for the design and implementation of targeted breeding schemes, for traceability purposes, and for the overall enhancement of the sector, in terms of performance and sustainability.