Increasing incidence of early-onset kidney cancer in young adults aged <50 years in England: an analysis of the national cancer registration data by age and gender, 1985–2020

There has been a steady and substantial increase in the incidence of kidney cancer in England over the past four decades. This was partly driven by the largest and unexpected increase in the incidence of early-onset kidney cancer in young adults aged <50 years, which was steepest in males. Some of this increase is in analogy with the increasing prevalence of obesity; nevertheless, other causes driving this increase in early-onset kidney cancer in young adults remain elusive and need further investigation.