Game-Theoretic Approach for Cooperative Planning of Active Distribution Networks and Private Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

This article introduces an innovative game-theoretic approach for cooperative planning of distribution networks and private electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS). The proposed method integrates multi-objective optimization techniques with game theory to address potential conflicts of interest among private owners when jointly planning the electrical system and electric vehicle charging infrastructure. Furthermore, by employing the Shapley value, the approach ensures a fair distribution of benefits based on the marginal contributions of each participant, thereby fostering efficient and sustainable cooperation. The results demonstrate significant advantages of collaboration: in the cooperative scenario, total costs are reduced by 4.58% compared to the non-cooperative scenario. Within this context, Player 1 achieves a 2.56% reduction in their costs, while Player 2 experiences a 228.43% increase in their profits. These findings underscore how the proposed approach can optimize total value and align the incentives of all involved parties. The study emphasizes the potential of combining game theory with optimization techniques to address complex challenges associated with infrastructure planning.