Selenium deficiency modulates neonatal pulmonary alveolar development via mitochondrial ROS accumulation and oxidative stress mediated by STAT3 inhibition

<b>Discussion and conclusion</b>: Se plays a critical role in neonatal pulmonary development by modulating oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics via the STAT3 pathway. The study underscores the potential of Se supplementation as a strategic intervention to promote alveolar maturation and prevent pulmonary disorders in neonates. Further research is recommended to explore the therapeutic thresholds and timing of Se administration to optimize pulmonary outcomes.