Hacia una agricultura resiliente al cambio climático: sistemas de riego inteligente y monitoreo de humedad del suelo para cultivos en la zona andina

Climate change and global warming pose significant challenges for agriculture, especially in an increasingly interconnected world reliant on basic commodities. This paper examines the implications of climate change on agriculture, focusing on the Andean region of Latin America, with particular emphasis on Ecuador. The effects of climate change on agricultural production, water resource availability, and potential technological solutions are discussed. Research demonstrating both the positive and negative effects of climate change on agriculture is examined, underscoring the importance of finding technological solutions to mitigate these impacts. The need to improve agricultural productivity and water use efficiency, particularly in climate change-vulnerable regions such as the Ecuadorian Andes, is emphasized. This paper proposes the development of intelligent irrigation systems based on innovative technologies, such as cosmic neutron detection, to precisely and in real-time monitor soil moisture. The importance of implementing these technologies in the region to enhance agricultural productivity, prevent food crises, and adapt to climate change is highlighted. The conclusion emphasizes the necessity of collaboration between research institutions and policymakers to effectively and sustainably address these challenges