Impact of light source wavelength and position on imaging clarity of video surveillance systems in fire scene

The dense smoke generated by a fire significantly impairs the clarity of camera-captured images, posing substantial challenges for the efficient coordination of evacuations and rescue operations. The quality of personnel imaging in smoky environments primarily depends on the intensity of reflected light penetrating the smoke and the degree of ambient light scattering caused by the smoke particles. Consequently, the wavelength of the light source and its relative position to the camera are critical factors influencing imaging quality in a fire scene. We systematically investigate the impact of light source wavelength and position on image clarity through both theoretical analysis and empirical research. An experimental platform was developed based on theoretical studies, and the results demonstrate that increasing the light source wavelength markedly enhances light transmissivity in smoke, thereby improving personnel imaging clarity. Regarding the position of the light source, placing it too close to the camera increases light scattering by smoke particles, which degrades image clarity. Conversely, a greater distance between the light source and the camera reduces scattering and mitigates the adverse effects of smoke, leading to improved image quality. These findings provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the selection and arrangement of light sources in fire scenes, offering significant practical value.