Development and Challenges of EU Digital Diplomacy

The rapid development of globalization and communication technology has facilitated the change of diplomacy, giving birth to the concept of digital diplomacy. As an influential supranational organization, the European Union (EU) is increasingly recognizing the vital role of digital technologies in diplomatic practice, which has promoted its development in this area. This paper uses the methodology of literature review to explore the evolution and content of the EUs digital diplomacy while analyzing its present challenges and emerging trends. This paper finds that the evolution of the EUs digital diplomacy has experienced three stages, transitioning from a limited approach to one that is rapidly expanding. Although the EU has made important progresses in digital diplomacy domain, it still faces the challenges like incoordination, the unacceptance of some countries and a lack of leadership. However, the EU is poised to increase its global influence and realize its digital interests in the future.