Appreciable Uncertainty within the Voltage Drop across Capacitance in a Low-damped CLR Circuit at Resonance

The investigation of electrical resonance involves an examination of the frequency variation of a CLR series circuit concerning amplitude and relative phase angles under varying levels of damping. Under low damping, the resonance frequency is measured at (26.99 ± 0.25) kHz using a 500Ω resistor, while for high damping, it is (25.01 ± 0.25) kHz and the corresponding resistance is 1500Ω. The frequencies at peak resonance \({\omega }_{peak}\) are determined to be (3.48 ± 0.11) × \({10}^4\) rad/s for low damping and (8.18 ± 0.06) × \({10}^4\) rad/s under high damping. Both values differ from the theoretical value (6.23 ± 0.01) × \({10}^4\) rad/s, suggesting the presence of experimental inaccuracies such as internal circuit resistance, which are further explored in the research. Despite these discrepancies, the calculated Q factors for both situations fall within the expected ranges, demonstrating a coherent outcome and a satisfactory data fit. Most importantly, the experimental result of a maximum voltage drop across the capacitance is much lower than the theoretical one under low damping. This is found due to high sensitivity to parasitic resistances and inductive losses, as well as significant energy dissipation relative to the stored energy.