Study on Collision Simulation of Semi-Rigid Guardrails on High-Speed Railways

China's high-speed railway bridges mainly use concrete structure protective walls, and there is almost no deformation when trains collide with the protective walls. Therefore, this paper proposes a semi-rigid guardrail suitable for railway bridges, and conducts collision simulation analysis on existing protective walls and semi-rigid guardrails based on finite element simulation. By comparing the forces acting on the obstacle catcher and guardrail, the forces acting on the rear axle of the bogie and guardrail, and the forces acting on the obstacle catcher and roadbed, it is clear that the energy absorption of semi-rigid guardrails is much higher than that of protective walls. Among them, the maximum lateral force of the semi-rigid guardrail on the obstacle catcher decreased by 22.33%, and the maximum total combined force decreased by 42.94%. And the maximum lateral force on the rear axle of the bogie decreased by 69.52%, and the maximum total force decreased by 62.05%. Therefore, the use of semi-rigid guardrails significantly enhances the energy absorption of existing protective walls.