ANTI-CRISIS STRATEGIES OF OIL AND GAS COMPANIES: ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ADAPTATION TO MACROECONOMIC CHALLENGES

The article examines the impact of sanctions pressure on the Russian oil and gas industry. The study covers the macroeconomic context in which the sector operates and demonstrates how external restrictions have transformed export flows, revenue structure and strategic priorities of the largest companies. The authors highlight three main areas of anti-crisis adaptation: geographic diversification of exports, optimization of the financial model and technological import substitution. The government’s actions to support the industry are considered in detail. Based on the analysis, recommendations are put forward for the formation of a sustainable model for the development of the oil and gas sector in the context of increased geopolitical and economic turbulence.