Long-Distance Fiber-Optic Polarization Sensors in Hazardous Areas

Due to their non-electrical characteristics, fiber-optic sensors are finding broad applications in high-risk environments. The safety of these sensors is ensured by the absence of potential differences and low detectability. This article aims to introduce polarization fiber-optic sensors and their connections, which allow for the effective placement of sensors at great distances from control rooms and sources of electrical signals. Furthermore, the research presented here focuses on maintaining high sensitivity of the sensors while also being economically efficient compared to other fiber-optic technologies. The key output of the article is the design of an arrangement of optical fiber components that ensures optimal use of sensors in challenging conditions, with an emphasis on the detection of variable non-electrical quantities. The results of the work confirm that the proposed sensors offer high reliability even in extreme conditions, making them ideal for use in special applications, including long-distance detection and utilization in military or chemical environments.