A Comparative Analysis of Cryptography Algorithms in Information Security

Information security involves safeguarding information to ensure its availability, confidentiality, and integrity, this paper explores various crucial encryption and decryption algorithms utilized in different domains. It aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the most significant algorithms based on their implementation speed and security with private and public keys. The ultimate goal is to determine the effectiveness of an encryption algorithm; This research work implemented sixteen encryption techniques such (DES, AES, EB64, 3DES, BLOWFISH, RSA, MD5, MD6, SHA0, SHA1, SHA2, SHA3, DSA, EI-Gamal, ECC and HiSea) algorithms and compared their performances on both encryption and decryption techniques based on the analysis of security level, key size, block size, # of round, Also, there are practical applications of these algorithms DES used in financial services and government communications, 3DES used in banking and payment systems, AES is adopted by governments and organizations worldwide, Blowfish often used in software applications for encrypting data files and network communications, EB64 used in specific proprietary applications or systems, RSA is employed in SSL/TLS for secure web browsing, email encryption, and digital signatures, ECC It's used in secure communications, cryptocurrencies, and digital signatures, MD5 was historically used for checksums and integrity verification in files and software distributions, SHA-l-2-3, DSA and Hisea used in various security protocols, digital signatures. These algorithms are vital for ensuring data confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity across various applications, including secure communications, file encryption, digital signatures, and blockchain. As technology advances, selecting algorithms offering higher security and efficiency becomes increasingly important to address evolving cyber threats.