Uplink NOMA-Aided Multi-Device Multi-Target Integrated Sensing and Communication

This work analyzes the performance of the Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC)-aided Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) technique for uplink communications in next-generation wireless systems. ISAC improves spectrum efficiency by sharing resources for both communication and sensing. In contrast, NOMA improves communication efficiency by allowing multiple concurrent transmissions in the same frequency block using Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC). In contrast to the existing papers, our work considers a multi-target and multi-sensor scenario. Our proposed ISAC-enabled sensing framework designs beamforming signals that maximize the total communication rate while simultaneously obeying multi-target sensing throughput requirements under power constraints. We utilize a Lagrange-based gradient descent approach to solve this constraint optimization. Our obtained solutions are exhibited to significantly outperform the benchmarks through extensive simulations.