Next-Gen IoT-Driven Framework for Real-Time Marine Ecosystem Support and Management

Marine ecosystems face significant threats from pollution, overfishing, and climate change. This research proposes an IoT-based marine monitoring system along with satellite communication, wireless sensor networks (WSNs), unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), marine sensor modules (MSMs), and autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). Satellite communication provides real-time data flow between remote ocean locations and control centers. WSNs collect environmental data such as water quality, temperature, and pollution levels. UAVs offer aerial surveillance while AUVs scan the seabed and deep-sea habitats. These vehicles respond automatically to detected changes. AI driven analytics process the collected data to detect risks early. When a problem is detected, the system takes accurate actions. It alerts authorities and directs AUVs to investigate the affected areas further. The system helps manage mobile marine protected areas (MMPAs) and supports long-term ecosystem sustainability. This combination of real-time data and autonomous responses protects sensitive environments, such as coral reefs and fish breeding grounds. This IoT-based system ensures proactive solutions for marine conservation and protects ocean ecosystems' health and resilience.