Model Based Travelling Wave Fault Location in a Treelike Distribution Network

The paper studies model algorithms for multi-terminal travelling wave fault location in electrical branched networks. The model algorithm is based on finding the minimum of the loss function when varying the fault location, travelling wave's speed, and line's length. Travelling wave fault location complex calculates the time delay of traveling wave's arrival at each end of the line relative to the base end. Loss function consists of module or modules' sum of calculated and measured time delays' difference. Paper shows that loss function's minimum, considering only two ends of the line, matches the set of combinations of fault location and traveling wave propagation speed. Considering three ends of the line removes the uncertainty associated with the travelling wave propagation speed. If we are to consider all ends of the line we can achieve a reduction of network's length determination error.