Heuristic Algorithm for Anchor Point Selection in Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks

Data gathering and charging are critical operations in Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks (WRSNs), directly affecting network reliability and performance. Accurate sensor node localization is essential for ensuring power distribution stability. To optimize these operations, we consolidate data collection and energy transfer onto a single Mo-bile Vehicle (MV), reducing sensor energy loss and improving charging efficiency. This study aims to minimize energy transfer loss during charging and data gathering through the development of Weighted Function Method (WFM) heuristic algorithms. Using MATLAB simulations, we benchmark our algorithms against Hexagonal-based Anchor Point Selection (HAPS) and Weighted Term-based Anchor Point Selection (WAPS). Results indicate that our proposed methods significantly reduce energy transfer loss, lower the standard deviation of sensor distances from anchor points, and decrease overall energy consumption across the network with fewer iterations. Performance analysis, supported by an ANOV A test, confirms that the WFM algorithm outperform existing approaches, demonstrating their effectiveness in enhancing WRSNs efficiency.