MIMO Patch-Dipole Antenna Arrangement for 3D ISAC in 6G-V2X

This paper proposes a MIMO phased antenna array design for 3D integrated sensing and communication (ISAC). Combining patch and dipole antennas, the design enables vertical and horizontal beamforming to support vehicular communication, environmental sensing, and vertical-domain applications such as drone detection. Simulation results demonstrate the system’s effectiveness in achieving high directivity and robust detection capabilities, making it a promising solution for 6G ISAC applications.