The application of physical concentration technologies in the recycling of new waste streams

Excluding major mineral waste, the total waste volume remains stable, but new waste streams, such as electronic waste and municipal solid waste incineration ashes, have emerged due to industrial and technological changes. The physical concentration technologies are demonstrated as a key factor for recovering valuable elements such as copper. This study demonstrates that a well-designed physical concentration circuit can recover over 65 %wt. of copper from the above-mentioned residues. Copper concentrations reached over 65 g/kg in incineration ash and 490 g/kg in electronic waste treatment residues, highlighting the effectiveness of these technologies.