Economic Potential of Underrepresented Non-Timber Forest Products in Brazil: Data Gaps and Policy Challenges

Objective: The aim was to elucidate the economic potential of underrepresented non-timber forest products, demonstrating the importance of forest biodiversity for rural communities. Theoretical Framework: Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are essential in supporting regional economies and conserving biodiversity, but their economic contributions are underestimated, and studies tend to focus only on products with an established market. Method: A systematic literature review was carried out to compile bibliometric data on research on income generated by NTFPs in the Scopus database and a quantitative analysis of the income generated by NTFPs with less global economic relevance, but with significant regional importance in Brazilian biomes. Results and Discussion: Bibliometric analysis showed that only 2.8% of the articles found in the context of NTFPs were related to income and Brazil, and the country did not follow the trend of increasing publications on the subject in the last 10 years. Of these articles, 6 presented quantitative data, documenting 7 types of products and covering 251 species, with an average adjusted income potential for 2023, reaching US$ 2,647.34 ± 3,067.83/year. Research Implications: The findings highlight persistent challenges in standardizing income metrics for NTFPs and the need for government-led initiatives to establish a participatory platform for data inclusion. Originality/Value: This study facilitated the identification of underrepresented species and products and supports strategies for the sustainable use and economic valuation of Brazil's diverse forest resources.