Environmental Sustainability in Rural Businesses in Brazil

Objective: To analyze the impacts of entrepreneurship and cooperative practices on the environmental sustainability of rural businesses in Brazil. Theoretical Framework: Rural entrepreneurship and cooperativism are fundamental strategies for balancing productivity and natural resource preservation. These models foster sustainable innovations, strengthen local economies, improve quality of life, and encourage environmental conservation. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted in Web of Science and Scielo databases using search terms aligned with the research objectives. Selected articles were analyzed according to inclusion/exclusion criteria to compose the discussion. Results and Discussion: The study found that sustainable rural enterprises in Brazil promote economic, social, and environmental development through practices including solidarity economy, rural tourism, public policies, certifications, and monitoring systems. These practices encourage alternative management approaches, cultural valorization, community empowerment, market access, and strengthening of local production. However, challenges persist such as dependence on government policies, inefficient resource management, limited local participation, and certification system limitations. Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications are discussed, providing insights for sustainable rural development and social economy practices. These implications focus on rural enterprise management, public policies, certifications, and sustainability indicators. Originality/Value: The study stands out by integrating economic, social, and environmental dimensions of rural sustainability, with critical analysis of policies and assessment tools. Its multidimensional approach contributes innovative practices, structural challenges, and inclusion potential, offering valuable contributions for future research and practical sector actions.