Influence of cationic surfactants on the electrokinetic properties and stability of silica-kaolinite suspensions under copper hydrometallurgy conditions

Small particles, such as silica and clays, complicate hydrometallurgy by forming crud that floats or remains suspended. Adding surfactants may promote sedimentation, but requires evaluating their composition and dosage. This study uses dynamic electrophoretic mobility to assess CTAB adsorption on silica/kaolinite mixtures under low pH, high ionic strength, and particle concentrations above 3%. Electroacoustic analysis predicts surfactant effects on individual and mixed particles, aligning with sedimentation rates and size measurements. SEM images confirm aggregate formation with CTAB. Identifying optimal surfactant doses to flocculate and separate particles addresses operational issues caused by crud in hydrometallurgy processes.