Surface Modified Nanozymes: Production, Properties, and Analytical Application

Nanozymes are synthetic nanomaterials with enzyme-like catalytic activity. Since catalytic reactions occur on the surface of nanoparticles, changing their surface properties (charge, chemical composition, adsorbed molecules, etc.) is a tool for tuning the catalytic properties of nanozymes. The review provides a comparative analysis of the chemical composition of nanozymes with various catalytic activities, proposes a classification of approaches to increase the number of active sites on the surface of nanoparticles, and considers the use of nanozymes in different bioanalytical systems.