Environmental sustainability in France: The role of GDP growth, government final consumption expenditure, renewable energy and nuclear energy

France, significantly impacted by climate change and pressured by international treaties on environmental protection, aims for net zero emissions by 2050, supported by the National Climate Change Strategy and the Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP).This study examines the impact of alternative energy resources, natural resources, and government spending on France's ecological sustainability from 2000 to 2021, emphasizing the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) framework and the theory of linear regression models.The findings reveal an inverse relationship between CO2 emissions and renewable energy and nuclear share on both total energy supply and final consumption.While CO2 emissions negatively correlate with economic growth, natural resources rent, total energy supply and usage proving the compatibility of France sustainable economy toward the EKC curve.Effective policies require equitable distribution and adherence to regulations.France should enhance renewable energy adoption, ensure the nuclear power security, enforce stricter regulations on natural resource exploitation, integrate environmental impact assessments into economic planning, developing more on energy transition, expanding further sustainable economic growth and foster public awareness and education on sustainable practices while maintaining a prosperous economy independent from natural resources extraction.These strategies will support France's transition to a sustainable economy, aligning economic growth with environmental preservation.