Knowledge and Perception of Forest Users Towards a Collaborative Forest Management in Terai Region of Nepal

The collaborative forest management (CFM) approach involves sustainable forest management in collaboration with local people to derive numerous benefits from government-managed forests, including maintenance of ecological balance, generation of economic returns, and improvement of livelihoods. This research aimed to analyze people's perception and knowledge regarding CFM at Sabaiya CFM in Parsa district, Nepal. Data were collected using household survey (<i>n</i> = 400), direct field observation, focus group discussions and key informant interview. Interviews. The results showed that both nearby and distant forest users had high expectations of receiving fuel wood and fodder from CFM. However, the inclusion of women and Disadvantaged and Vulnerable Groups (DAGs) in the management planning was found to be very low. Both distant users and nearby forest users demonstrated a lower level of awareness regarding forest management, resulting in a less positive attitude toward CFM and its associated benefits. It is recommended to encourage the participation of women and DAG members in management planning of CFM and engage them in income generation activities.