Enhancement of Bandwidth in 5G Applications using Micro Strip Patch Antenna

The transition from 4G to 5G introduces numerous challenges such as spectrum sharing to antenna design, supports large bandwidths and seamless operations. A 5G-compatible antenna requires a simple design/geometry, an efficient feed system, and suitability for mass manufacturing. This paper presents the design of an antenna operating at the 28 GHz band. To optimize its performance, the initial design undergoes multiple modifications, particularly in the feed line along with radiating element i.e geometry of the patch. The antenna is analyzed at each stage based on key parameters such as gain and radiation pattern to evaluate its characteristics. Additionally, the impact of geometrical non-uniformities along the plane of the feed line on the antenna’s gain, radiation pattern, and resonant properties is thoroughly analyzed. Simulations are conducted using HFSS, and the results are analyzed through the corresponding simulated plots. The measured results are good agreement with the simulation results. The overall size of the antenna is 18 mm X 18 mm X 0.508 mm and the substrate used is RO4003 with dielectric constant of 3.55.