Understanding the Benefits and Challenges of Using Artificial Intelligence Among Tertiary Students in a Developing Economy

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in tertiary education has significantly influenced students' learning experiences. This study explored the benefits and challenges of using AI tools among 400 tertiary students through an open-ended questionnaire designed to capture their perspectives. The findings reveal that AI tools provide substantial benefits, particularly in enabling students to study independently. The accessibility of AI-powered learning platforms allows respondents to engage with academic materials at their own pace, enhancing self-directed learning. Despite these advantages, students reported several challenges associated with AI tools. These include delays in responses, usage or search limits, topic deviation, biased answers, network challenges, and concerns regarding the accuracy of AI-generated content. Such issues may hinder the effective use of AI in academic settings, limiting its reliability as a primary learning tool. Additionally, students expressed awareness of the risks associated with over-reliance on AI. Key concerns include reduced critical thinking skills, the possibility of being flagged for plagiarism, and a growing sense of academic laziness due to AI's convenience. The findings suggest that while AI serves as a valuable educational resource, its limitations and potential risks necessitate a balanced approach to its use. Educators and policymakers should focus on guiding students to leverage AI responsibly, ensuring that it complements rather than replaces critical thinking and academic integrity. Further research is recommended to explore strategies for mitigating AI-related challenges while maximizing its educational benefits.