Analysis of Challenges and Legal Countermeasures for Personal Information Protection in the Digital Intelligence Era

在数字化与智能化飞速发展的数智时代，以大数据挖掘、生成式人工智能和自动化决策为核心的技术革新，不断重塑着个人信息搜集、利用和处理的运作模式。个人信息在数智时代兼具隐私属性与经济价值，如何平衡保护与利用成为全球性难题。自《中华人民共和国个人信息保护法》实施以来，已在规范数据流通、保护公民权益方面发挥了重要作用，但面对人工智能技术迭代与数字经济扩张，其实施仍面临技术适配性不足、法律执行差异化等挑战。通过分析数智时代个人信息的数据处理特征，揭示个人信息安全在技术、法律及监管执行层面的困境，提出完善立法体系、强化监管执行、优化技术赋能及多元共治机制等应对策略，为破解个人信息保护难题提供路径参考。In the digitalization and intelligence era of rapid development, technological innovations centered around big data mining, generative artificial intelligence, and automated decision-making are continuously reshaping the operational models for personal information collection, utilization, and processing. In this era, personal information possesses both privacy attributes and economic value, making the balance between protection and utilization a global challenge. Since the implementation of the Personal Information Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China, it has played a significant role in regulating data circulation and protecting citizens’ rights and interests. However, in the face of iterative artificial intelligence technologies and the expansion of the digital economy, its implementation still faces challenges such as insufficient technological adaptability and differential legal enforcement. By analyzing the data processing characteristics of personal information in the digital intelligence era, this paper reveals the dilemmas of personal information security at the levels of technology, law, and regulatory enforcement. It proposes strategies to improve the legislative system, strengthen regulatory enforcement, optimize technological empowerment, and establish a multi-stakeholder governance mechanism. These strategies provide a reference path for solving the problem of personal information protection.