Development and Psychometric Evaluation of Treatment Adherence Instrument in Women with Osteoporosis

Background & objectives: Non-adherence to treatment is a significant factor that limits the success of osteoporosis management.Therefore, a reliable tool for measuring adherence is crucial for improving treatment outcomes.This study aimed to develop and psychometrically evaluate a treatment adherence instrument for women with osteoporosis.Methods: This cross-sectional psychometric study was conducted in 2016 in Sanandaj, Iran.Items for the questionnaire were derived from database searches, literature reviews, and quantitative and qualitative studies.Psychometric properties, including content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR), were assessed with input from a panel of experts.The questionnaire was administered to 400 women visiting bone density measurement centers, clinics, and offices.Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed using STATA software.Results: A total of 125 items were initially extracted from the literature.After validation, the number of items was reduced to 56.Exploratory factor analysis identified 7 factors with 56 items, explaining 51.70% of the total variance.Confirmatory factor analysis yielded an RMSEA of 0.084, indicating a good model fit.The final version of the questionnaire comprised 55 items, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.92, demonstrating high reliability. Conclusion:The findings indicate that the developed questionnaire for measuring treatment adherence in women with osteoporosis possesses strong validity and reliability, making it a suitable tool for clinical and research use.