Experimental Evaluation of Open-Source-based VoNR and OTT Voice Services in 5G SA Network Deployments

The Fifth Generation (5G) mobile network was developed to provide greater capacity, lower latency, and higher throughput, thereby enhancing multimedia service delivery. In the context of private 5G networks, open-source software is a key enabler of innovation and widespread adoption. This study introduces the first open-source prototype implementation of Voice over New Radio (VoNR) and evaluates its performance in two 5G Standalone (SA) private network deployment models: distributed and all-in-one (”in-a-box”). Leveraging an experimental setup composed entirely of open-source tools, the paper offers a comparative analysis of VoNR and Over-the-Top (OTT) voice services, examining their respective advantages and limitations. The findings contribute to the optimization of voice and multimedia services in next-generation (6G) networks and underscore the role of open-source platforms in achieving scalable, high-quality voice integration.