Sociolinguistic Model of Language Functioning in the Educational Space of a Multiethnic Region (Using the Example of the Republics of Bashkortostan and Tuva)

The article is devoted to the formation and education of a bi(poly)lingual personality as a social need of modern society. The authors pay special attention to the statistical data of recent years, illustrating the reduction in the number of students studying in their native language in schools in Tuva and Bashkortostan. A sociolinguistic model of the languages functioning in the educational sphere of republics, a characteristic feature of which is multilingualism, is proposed. The authors conclude about the scientific and methodological improvement of language teaching in secondary education: linguodidactic methods and techniques aimed at teaching schoolchildren should help them master the fluency of speech skills in their native language in interaction. One of the effective measures is the organization of multilingual schools, which provide for the creation of a motivating educational environment, the preservation of the national identity, language and residents culture of multi-ethnic regions. Educational institutions of this type need to provide favorable conditions for the multilingual development of creatively developed students who are competitive in various types of activities. As an example, the article describes the experience of a number of multilingual multidisciplinary schools in the Republic of Bashkortostan. In particular, the implementation of this educational model is carried out in two directions: language and information technology. The first direction involves in-depth study of Russian, native and English languages; organization of school subject Olympiads in native and English languages; preparation for international exams in English; organization of language camps. The next direction is based on the study of robotics, programming, 3D modeling, etc. In addition, the authors talk about the need for a well-thought incentive system in teaching the native language, namely a “social order” for a language, according to which a person chooses a means of communication that most contributes to his socialization.