Audit of Placenta Previa and Accreta Spectrum at Isis Specialized Hospital

Background: Placenta Previa and Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) are critical obstetric complications that significantly threaten maternal and fetal health. With the rising rates of cesarean sections, these conditions are becoming more prevalent, necessitating effective management strategies. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the characteristics, management practices, and outcomes of patients with Placenta Previa and PAS at Isis Specialized Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology in Luxor. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted involving women diagnosed with Placenta Previa and PAS. The study included women aged 20-40 years, with a gestational age of more than 28 weeks, and excluded those with normally sited placentas or other acute abdominal conditions. Results: The mean age of the studied cases was 30.22 years (±2.96 SD). Of the patients, 46% were diagnosed with Placenta Accreta, 50% with Placenta Previa, and 4% with a low-lying placenta. Most patients (86%) required cesarean sections, with 14% undergoing cesarean hysterectomy. Common complications included the need for blood transfusions (50%), bladder injuries (10%), and ICU admissions (22%). Despite these complications, maternal outcomes were predominantly favorable, with 58% of cases resulting in excellent outcomes. A significant association was found between placenta diagnosis and the type of operation, ICU admission, maternal outcomes, and estimated blood loss. All neonatal outcomes were positive. Conclusion: Patients with Placenta Previa and PAS at Isis Specialized Hospital are typically in their early thirties with a history of multiple cesarean sections. Despite common complications, maternal and neonatal outcomes are generally favorable, indicating effective management practices.