The Relationship between Existence, Cognition and Language under Empirical Philosophy—The Experience Cognition of Language

经验主义哲学对近代哲学发展影响深远，对这种思想的研究有助于深化对近代哲学的认识。本文对“经验主义”认知的形成与传递过程进行深入探讨，对于“经验”这一概念的定义以康德所写的《纯粹理性批判》为主，结合十八至十九世纪诸多学者的相关理论总结出一套基于“经验主义思想”的语言–认知体系，得出了基于经验主义的(存在–认知–语言传递–认知)的认知系统。系统探讨了人类认知与语言的形成及其内在关系，有助于深入理解人类语言系统的构成与各语言中存在的共性，促进对语言研究、语言的教学与翻译等领域认识。Experience philosophy has a profound impact on the development of modern philosophy, and the research on this thought will help deepen the understanding of philosophy and language. This article conducts in-depth discussions on the formation and transmission process of “empirical” cognition. The definition of the concept of “experience” is mainly based on Kant’s “Kritik der reinen Vernunft”. The relevant theory summarizes a set of language-cognitive systems based on “empirical ideas”, and obtains an empirical cognitive system based on empirical (existence-cognitive-language transmission-cognition), explored the formation of human cognition and language and its inherent relationships, which helps to deeply understand the composition of the human language system and the existence in various languages, and promote the understanding of language research, language teaching and translation.