A Rare Association: Jadassohn Hamartoma, Basal Cell Carcinoma and Sebaceoma

Jadassohn’s sebaceous hamartoma or (NS), first described in 1895, is a congenital, non-melanocytic cutaneous hamartoma characterized by sebaceous gland differentiation. It typically presents as a solitary, well-defined pink or skin-colored plaque, often accompanied by alopecia. Although generally benign, NS carries a risk of malignant transformation, with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) being the most common malignancy. The association of NS with sebaceoma, a benign sebaceous gland tumor, is rare. A 49-year-old male with no significant medical history presented with a congenital erythematous lesion on the left temporal region, which had progressively enlarged and became painful over time. Clinical examination revealed a well-defined, pink, cerebriform tumor with an infiltrative base, located on an alopecic plaque. Biopsy confirmed the presence of BCC in association with sebaceoma and Jadassohn's hamartoma. Surgical excision with 5mm margins was performed under general anesthesia, followed by directed healing. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a Jadassohn’s hamartoma with BCC and sebaceoma. The patient healed without complications and was followed up regularly. NS, most commonly observed in the cephalic region, typically progresses through three clinical stages: a smooth, pink plaque in childhood, a warty and pigmented lesion in puberty, and a keratotic, firm lesion in adulthood. The risk of malignant degeneration, though rare, is a significant concern, particularly for BCC. This case highlights the rare co-occurrence of sebaceoma with NS and emphasizes the importance of early excision to prevent malignant transformation. While the risk of malignancy in NS is considered low, the psychological and cosmetic impacts of visible lesions should also be addressed. This case underscores the importance of monitoring and managing Jadassohn’s sebaceous hamartoma to prevent malignant transformations such as BCC. Early surgical intervention is recommended not on