Early Detection of Cervical Cancer through Pap smears Examination

Background: Cervical cancer is a growing health issue and a leading cause of death for women globally. It can beprevented, if it is identified in the pre-invasive stage and diagnosed with Papanicolaou (PAP) smears at regular intervals.Objectives: To examine the early diagnosis of cervical cancer, including inflammatory changes, through Pap smearexamination. Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics andGynecology, Sylhet Women’s Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh. A total of 157 women who underwent a Papsmear in either the outpatient or inpatient department were examined during the study period. Results: The womenwere 36.2±11.5 years old on average. The 18–32 age group had a considerably higher prevalence of inflammatorycervical changes (t=39.444, p<0.05). The majority (54.1%) had a history of two or fewer births, and the mean paritywas 3.8±1.2. Mild inflammatory changes were seen in 50.3% of the patients, moderate inflammatory changes in29.9%, and severe inflammatory changes in 19.7%. Age and cervical inflammation were shown to be statisticallysignificantly associated (p p<0.05). The 18–32 age groups had the highest frequencies of mild, moderate, and severeinflammatory changes (50.6%, 42.6%, and 45.2%, respectively). Cervical inflammation and patient age were alsofound to be significantly correlated (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study concludes by screening that inflammatorylesions sort-up a large portion of assessments. Specialists can avoid future dysplasia and create effective managementprograms with the help of this insight. Early-stage preinvasive lesions and potentially treatable malignancies are nowmore frequently detected thanks to Pap smear screening.