Estimation of Dectin-1 with Some Biochemical Parameters in Serum of Patients with Type 1  Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: (1) To examine the correlation between serum Dectin-1 levels and various parameters of type 1 diabetes mellitus, including fasting blood glucose, HbA1C, urea, creatinine, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein, through a comparative analysis between patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and healthy individuals. (2) To ascertain if alterations in serum Dectin-1 could assist in the diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Study Design: Comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Baqubah Teaching Hospitals in Diyala, Iraq from 10th October 2024 to 31st December 2024. Methods: A total of 80 patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus under the age of 20, alongside 40 healthy individuals of comparable age serving as a control group were enrolled. Results: The significantly elevated Dectin-1 levels in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) patients compared to controls, indicating a potential biomarker for the disease. Glycaemic variations were notable, with higher HbA1c and fasting blood glucose levels in T1DM patients. Lipid profiles showed increased total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein, alongside decreased high-density lipoprotein, suggesting heightened cardiovascular risk. Additionally, renal function markers like urea and creatinine were elevated, indicating metabolic changes. Correlation analyses demonstrated strong links between Dectin-1 and various metabolic markers, with Dectin-1 showing excellent diagnostic capability for T1DM, highlighting its role in treatment and immunity. Conclusion: Dectin-1 significantly increased in T1DM patients. It is significantly correlated with HbA1c, renal markers, and lipid profile. The results of statistical analysis of ROC curve suggest that Dectin-1 could be considered as a excellent biomarker.