Advances in Performance Enhancement Strategies for Tungsten-Based Electrochromic Devices

我国优化能源结构力争达成“双碳”目标的理念为电致变色技术发展提供了新契机。电致变色器件作为一种节能型光响应器件，在隔热控温、信息显示、能源存储等诸多领域备受关注。氧化钨作为研究历史最悠久的电致变色材料之一，具有较佳的光学性能和良好的循环稳定性，为使氧化钨基电致变色智能窗从实验阶段逐步走入日常应用中，本文围绕钨基电致变色智能窗的性能评价指标，通过多篇相关文献的系统分析并总结了提升氧化钨电致变色性能的多种策略，包括不同晶体结构间的杂化，提升氧空位浓度制造缺陷、多类型金属元素掺杂。在此基础上，对钨基电致变色器件在智能窗、航空航天、屏幕显示领域的发展过程中仍存在的问题，进行进一步归纳与展望，为钨基电致变色器件的日常化应用和推动能源可持续发展做出积极贡献。The concept of optimising China’s energy structure and striving to reach the “double carbon target” has provided a new opportunity for the development of electrochromic technology. As an energy-saving light-responsive device, electrochromic devices have attracted much attention in many fields such as thermal insulation, information display and energy storage. As one of the electrochromic materials with the longest research history, tungsten oxide has better optical properties and good cycling stability. In order to make tungsten oxide-based electrochromic smart windows gradually move from the experimental stage to daily applications, this paper focuses on the performance evaluation index of tungsten-based electrochromic smart windows, and summarizes the various strategies to enhance the electrochromic performance of tungsten oxide through systematic analyses of several related literatures, including different hybridisation between crystal structures, enhancing the oxygen vacancy concentration to create defects, and multi-type metal element doping. On this basis, the problems that still exist during the development of tungsten-based electrochromic devices in the fields of smart windows, aerospace, and screen displays are further summarized and outlooked, so as to make a positive contribution to the daily application of tungsten-based electrochromic devices and the promotion of the sustainable development of energy.