Research on Alienated Labor in Digital Capitalism Based on Marx’s Theory of Alienation

马克思在早期资本主义时期提出了异化劳动理论，向人们展现了资本家借助异化劳动剥削工人的实质。随着西方资本主义社会进入数字资本主义阶段，数字技术与资本逻辑的融合催生出异化劳动新形态——数字劳动。虽然数字劳动具有去异化的表象，但借助马克思异化理论仍可以揭示数字资本主义下异化劳动的本质。数字资本主义时代，劳动者在数字劳动中面临着与劳动工具、劳动对象、劳动产品、与自身的异化。这些异化现象不仅加剧了社会不平等，还对劳动者的身心健康和个人发展造成负面影响。对数字劳动异化进行批判也是马克思异化理论在资本主义新阶段下的延伸。异化现象的克服需要从社会历史的运动过程中去寻找答案，数字技术的发展推动了生产力的发展，同时也推动了共产主义的到来。Marx proposed the theory of alienated labor in the early capitalist period, revealing to people the essence of how capitalists exploit workers through alienated labor. As Western capitalist society entered the digital capitalist stage, the integration of digital technology and capital logic gave rise to a new form of alienated labor—digital labor. Although digital labor appears to be de-alienated, the essence of alienated labor under digital capitalism can still be revealed through Marx’s theory of alienation. In the digital capitalist era, workers face alienation from labor tools, objects of labor, products of labor, and themselves in digital labor. These alienation phenomena not only exacerbate social inequality but also have negative impacts on the physical and mental health and personal development of workers. Criticizing the alienation of digital labor is also an extension of Marx’s theory of alienation in the new stage of capitalism. Overcoming alienation requires seeking answers from the process of social and historical movement. The development of digital technology promotes the development of productive forces and also advances the arrival of communism.