The Effect of Sport Participation and Gender on Foot Posture and Function in American Football Players: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare foot posture and functionality in American football players according to gender and duration of participation in sport. Material and Methods: American football players between the ages of 18-28 (23.18±2.93 years) were included. The demographic features of participants were recorded as gender and duration of participation in sport. Foot posture and functionality were evaluated by using the Foot Posture Index (FPI) and the Foot Function Index (FFI). Results: The mean FPI score was 1.65±1.55 on the dominant side and 1.8±1.52 on the nondominant side. There was no significant difference between the FPI and the FFI scores of female and male American football players (p>0.05). When examined in terms of participation time in sports, FFI scores were found to be better in favor of those who have been playing for more than 5 years (p<0.05). Conclusion: The foot posture values of the athletes evaluated were within normal limits. The mean foot posture of the athletes was within normal ranges. The results of this study showed that there was no difference in foot posture and function in American football players according to gender, while the duration of participation in sports for 5 years or more affects foot function. The results of the study indicate that it is important to consider the duration of participation in sports and foot posture in the exercise planning for training or injury prevention.