Risk Analysis of Fuel Leakage and Explosion in LNG-Powered Ship Cabin Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics

In order to analyze the explosion risk of the engine room, this paper uses CFD software to simulate the LNG leakage process in the engine room of the ship, and uses the combustible gas cloud obtained from the leakage simulation to simulate the explosion, analyzing its combustion and explosion dynamics. On the basis of previous studies, this paper studies the coupling of leakage and explosion simulation to ensure that it conforms to the real situation. At the same time, taking explosion overpressure, explosion temperature, and the mass fraction of combustion products as the breakthrough point, this paper studies the harm of explosion to human body and the influence of ignition source location on the propagation characteristics of LNG explosion shock wave in the engine room, and discusses the influence of obstacles on gas diffusion and accumulation. The results show that the LNG leakage reaches the maximum concentration in the injection direction, and the obstacles in the cabin have a significant effect on the diffusion and accumulation of gas. In the explosion simulation based on the leakage results, it can be determined that the shape of the pressure field generated by the explosion is irregular, and the pressure field at the obstacle side has obvious accumulation. Finally, in order to reduce the explosion hazard, the collaborative strategy of modular layout, directional ventilation, and gas detection is proposed, which provides ideas for the explosion-proof design of the cabin.