Evaluation of the Anticancer Property of Makahiya (Mimosa Pudica L.) and Paper Flower (Bougainvillea Glabra Choisy) in Inhibiting Tumor Angiogenesis

Over time, cancer has remained widespread, causing profound harm to patients due to its numerous forms. The disease arises when healthy cells transform into malignant tumors. The commonly employed methods for combating cancer include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Nevertheless, these treatments have enduring and harmful impacts on the body, such as disrupting the growth of healthy cells, subjecting patients to radiation, and potentially affecting the organs in the treated region. Furthermore, the current treatments have overlooked the potential of utilizing the inherent anticancer properties found naturally in plants. Thus, makahiya and Paper flower were found to possess phytochemicals, which have the potential to inhibit angiogenesis. To evaluate this potential, the study aimed to assess their anti-angiogenic properties using the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. For this purpose, thirty fertilized duck eggs were obtained and used as test subjects in the experimental procedure. The study which was conducted over a period of three months from February to April, collected the data through the software “ImageJ” to obtain the blood vessel measurements of the eggs. The researchers used the analysis of variance (ANOVA) to analyze the data. Then, the post hoc comparisons using the Tukey’s HSD test were used to compare the results of the four treatments to test the hypothesis of the effectiveness of the makahiya and Paper flower extracts. The results show the significant differences of the treatments in comparison to the control group. Moreover, the statistics indicated both having significant and no significant differences in measurements before and after the treatment, respectively. Therefore, the extracts from both plants are feasible for angiogenesis inhibition.