Nanostructures for Virus Detection and Tracking: An Overview

Treatment of viral diseases and subsequent patient recovery depends on the timely identification of analytes such as viral proteins, nucleic acids and antibodies that are produced as part of the body’s immune response to infection. Current diagnostic procedures require specialized and expensive personnel and are performed in special testing centers, leading to lengthy processes and delays in effective treatment. Due to the unique properties of Nanostructures that can be used to detect analytes in very small amounts, much research has been conducted on the use of nanostructures to detect and track viruses. In this article, we divide the nanostructures proposed in this field into 3 groups of carbon, inorganic and organic Nanostructures, and separately study their efficiency in the 2 fields of virus detection and tracking. HIGHLIGHTS Investigating Nanostructures based on carbon allotropes in the detection and tracking of viruses. Investigating Inorganic Nanostructures in the detection and tracking of viruses. Investigating Organic Nanostructures used for virus detection and tracking. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT