Characterization of the Performance of an XXZ Three-Spin Quantum Battery

Quantum batteries represent a new and promising technological application of quantum mechanics, offering the potential for enhanced energy storage and fast charging. In this work, we study a quantum battery composed of three two-level systems with XXZ coupling operating under open boundary conditions. We investigate the role played by ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic initial configurations on the charging dynamics of the battery. Two charging mechanisms are explored: static charging, where the battery interacts with a constant classical external field, and harmonic charging, where the field oscillates periodically over time. Our results demonstrate that static charging can be more efficient in the ferromagnetic case, achieving maximum energy due to complete population inversion between the ground and excited states. In contrast, harmonic charging excels in the antiferromagnetic case. By analyzing the stored energy and the average charging power in these two regimes, we highlight the impact of anisotropy on the performance of quantum batteries. Our findings provide valuable insights for optimizing quantum battery performance based on the system's initial state and coupling configuration, paving the way for the study of more efficient quantum devices for energy storage.