ON THE SPECTRAL EFFICIENCY AND BER PERFORMANCE OF THE 5G NR POLAR-CODED WAVEFORMS IN THE MASSIVE MIMO SYSTEM

The fifth generation (5G) technology has advanced in developing an entirely digitally connected tactile access network. In the 5G cellular networks, ubiquitous connectivity and reliability for a massive number of devices with enormous communication traffic are key requirements. Although the 5G standard has already been finalized and the system is presently being implemented globally, 5G new radio (NR) improvements to facilitate increased users, higher capacity, and more efficient spectrum utilization are still ongoing. Given the network coverage and capacity enhancement, the massive multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) antenna technique to support highly dense networks and higher throughput is proposed for the system design. The polar codes are implemented in a 5G-NR-based system to improve the error rate performance. In this paper, the comparative study of 5G NR waveforms concerning power spectral density (PSD), spectral efficiency (SE), and bit error rate (BER) is presented. The major outcome of the paper is that the spectral efficiency increases by ~ 100% as the bits per symbol are doubled, resulting in the generalized frequency-division multiplexing (GFDM) technique with the highest spectral efficiency. The FBMC wins the race in PSD with the least out-of-band emissions. BER analysis proves that polar coding in a massive MIMO scenario enhances BER performance by ~ 4 dB.