Enhancing Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Transparency and Security with Blockchain and Big Data Integration

The pharmaceutical industry faces critical challenges like counterfeiting and supply chain inefficiencies, jeopardizing public health and the sector’s integrity. This paper introduces the efficient blockchain-enhanced transparent pharmaceutical supply chain management (EBETPSCM) model, which innovatively integrates blockchain and big data analytics to enhance traceability, security, and operational efficiency. At the heart of this model is the strategic use of Hyperledger fabric, renowned for its decentralized consensus mechanism and robust cryptographic methods. This ensures the security and reliability of the supply chain, with its decentralized nature bolstering data immutability, a key factor in maintaining the integrity of supply chain information. Concurrently, big data analytics provide real-time insights, enhancing stakeholder visibility across the chain. Our study critically appraises prevailing challenges, highlighting blockchain’s potential to achieve data immutability and transparency. Empirical evidence from existing studies affirms blockchain’s role in safeguarding pharmaceutical data and refining supply chain operations. The proposed EBETPSCM model integrates a comprehensive framework, addressing technical, methodological, and regulatory aspects. Theoretical outcomes include a well-defined conceptual model, technical insights into blockchain, and big data analytics methodologies. Practically, the study endeavors to implement a prototype system to demonstrate significant improvements in efficiency, transparency, and security. To overcome extant challenges, we advocate for resolving technological issues, enhancing collaborative efforts, and developing new legislative frameworks. The anticipated outcomes promise substantial advancements in safety, efficiency, and transparency within pharmaceutical supply chains. Conclusively, our study emphasizes the necessity of continuous research, collaborative engagement, and regulatory support for the successful adoption of these technologies in the pharmaceutical sector.