Design of an Optimally Tuned Fractional Order PI-PD Controller for DC Motor Speed via a Henry Gas Solubility Algorithm

This work, a high-performance fractional-order PI-PD (FOPI/FOPD) controller is proposed for speed control of a DC motor tuned through Henry Gas Solubility Optimization (HGSO) algorithm. This work shows that the HGSO is successful in fine-tuning FOPI/FOPD controller parameters to enhance transient and steady-state characteristics. The suggested method surpasses alternatives in overshoot minimization, decrease of rise and settling times, enhancement of abnormal disturbance rejection amplitude (1-12), and robustness, as evaluated by Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) as a performance metric. Comparative analysis against other controllers optimized by HGSO, GWO, SCA, PSO, and IWO reveals that the HGSO-FOPI/FOPD outperforms traditional PID and PI-PD, and the results show the FOPI-FOPD controller better than PI-PD and the other controllers in the settling time (9%), rise time (4%) second and Maximum overshoot zero. This highlights its potential as an effective method for DC motor control applications requiring precision and robustness.