Analysis of Russian and International Experience in Creating Business Models Based on Industrial Symbiosis

The paper considers the prerequisites for the development and implementation of business models for both individual manufacturing enterprises and integrated structures such as eco-industrial parks, clusters and ecosystems based on the mechanism of industrial symbiosis. The types of industrial symbiosis are analyzed and the author's interpretation of the concept of industrial symbiosis through the levels of its development is proposed. Based on the results obtained, potential directions for further research to achieve sustainable development goals are proposed.