Optimized Control Strategies for Green Low-carbon Base Station Systems Based on the Energy Router Framework

This paper explores optimized control strategies for green low-carbon base station (BS) systems within the energy router (ER) framework. It highlights challenges such as rising energy demands and carbon emissions driven by the rapid expansion of mobile communication infrastructure, especially in the 5 G era. The study introduces a two-layer rolling optimization algorithm to enhance energy efficiency through the spatiotemporal management of renewable energy sources and energy storage systems. Key contributions include: A multiport/source architecture integrating photovoltaic (PV) systems, wind turbines, batteries, grid connections, and BS loads. Novel control strategies based on port and load characteristics. Implementation of a rolling optimization mechanism to manage battery charging/discharging under dynamic pricing and varying weather conditions. Simulation results validate the system’s ability to optimize renewable energy use, minimize grid dependence, and improve operational efficiency.