Modeling and Analysis of Normal and Pathological Cardiac Pressure Profiles in a Hydrodynamic Stand

The study of cardiac pressure profiles provides critical insights into the cardiovascular system's dynamics, serving as key indicators of normal and pathological conditions like valve defects and heart failure. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading global cause of death, driven by aging populations and lifestyle changes. Understanding cardiac pressure mechanics is vital for advancing diagnostic and therapeutic methods. This paper introduces a method for generating pressure curves in hydrodynamic stands to simulate cardiac activity, essential for evaluating auxiliary circulatory (AC) devices and wearable health monitoring systems. Using pulse-width modulation (PWM) to regulate pump speed, the method replicates five distinct pressure profiles: normal, aortic stenosis, aortic insufficiency, aortic insufficiency with pulses bisferiens, and heart failure. The findings enhance understanding of cardiovascular disease mechanisms, supporting personalized diagnostics and treatments, while demonstrating the potential of hydrodynamic simulations to inform clinical practice and advance personalized medicine.