Optimizing Apparent Power and Efficiency in DC-DC Converters: Transformer vs. Autotransformer

The growing demand for compact and efficient DC-DC converters has driven the exploration of topologies that balance mass-to-volume characteristics and performance. This study focuses on two widely used configurations: the push-pull transformer and the push-pull autotransformer with voltage addition. The research aims to evaluate their comparative advantages in terms of apparent power and efficiency, particularly in weight-sensitive applications. The study employs computational modeling and simulations to analyze the dependence of apparent power on the voltage step-up ratio. Results reveal that the autotransformer significantly reduces apparent power at moderate voltage ratios, enhancing compactness, whereas the push-pull transformer provides galvanic isolation at the expense of greater weight and size. The findings highlight the autotransformer as optimal for lightweight systems without isolation needs, while the push-pull transformer is better suited for applications requiring electrical separation. These insights inform the selection of converter topologies for specific industrial requirements.